Opening angles, Lorentz factors and confinement of X‐ray binary jets
Identifieur interne : 000254 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000253; suivant : 000255Opening angles, Lorentz factors and confinement of X‐ray binary jets
Auteurs : J. C. A. Miller-Jones [Pays-Bas] ; R. P. Fender ; E. Nakar [États-Unis]Source :
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society [ 0035-8711 ] ; 2006-04-21.
English descriptors
Abstract
We present a collation of the available data on the opening angles of jets in X‐ray binaries, which in most cases are small (≲10°). Under the assumption of no confinement, we calculate the Lorentz factors required to produce such small opening angles via the transverse relativistic Doppler effect. The derived Lorentz factors, which are in most cases lower limits, are found to be large, with a mean >10, comparable to those estimated for active galactic nuclei (AGN) and much higher than the commonly assumed values for X‐ray binaries of 2–5. Jet power constraints do not, in most cases, rule out such high Lorentz factors. The upper limits on the opening angles show no evidence for smaller Lorentz factors in the steady jets of Cygnus X‐1 and GRS 1915+105. In those sources in which deceleration has been observed (notably XTE J1550−564 and Cygnus X‐3), some confinement of the jets must be occurring, and we briefly discuss possible confinement mechanisms. It is however possible that all the jets could be confined, in which case the requirement for high bulk Lorentz factors can be relaxed.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10092.x
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Opening angles, Lorentz factors and confinement of X‐ray binary jets</title><author><name sortKey="Miller Ones, J C A" sort="Miller Ones, J C A" uniqKey="Miller Ones J" first="J. C. A." last="Miller-Jones">J. C. A. Miller-Jones</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fender, R P" sort="Fender, R P" uniqKey="Fender R" first="R. P." last="Fender">R. P. Fender</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nakar, E" sort="Nakar, E" uniqKey="Nakar E" first="E." last="Nakar">E. Nakar</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:6B0A734DDFA143EE18F646DC0AB182DE8C1969EE</idno><date when="2006" year="2006">2006</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10092.x</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/6B0A734DDFA143EE18F646DC0AB182DE8C1969EE/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000568</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000568</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000254</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Exploration">000254</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Opening angles, Lorentz factors and confinement of X‐ray binary jets</title><author><name sortKey="Miller Ones, J C A" sort="Miller Ones, J C A" uniqKey="Miller Ones J" first="J. C. A." last="Miller-Jones">J. C. A. Miller-Jones</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Astronomical Institute ‘Anton Pannekoek’, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 403, 1098 SJ Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region>Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fender, R P" sort="Fender, R P" uniqKey="Fender R" first="R. P." last="Fender">R. P. Fender</name><affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">1BJ</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nakar, E" sort="Nakar, E" uniqKey="Nakar E" first="E." last="Nakar">E. Nakar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Theoretical Astrophysics, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>CA 91125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</title><idno type="ISSN">0035-8711</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-2966</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2006-04-21">2006-04-21</date><biblScope unit="volume">367</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1432">1432</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1440">1440</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0035-8711</idno></series><idno type="istex">6B0A734DDFA143EE18F646DC0AB182DE8C1969EE</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10092.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">MNR10092</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0035-8711</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>ISM: jets and outflows</term><term>X‐rays: binaries</term><term>relativity</term><term>stars: winds, outflows</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We present a collation of the available data on the opening angles of jets in X‐ray binaries, which in most cases are small (≲10°). Under the assumption of no confinement, we calculate the Lorentz factors required to produce such small opening angles via the transverse relativistic Doppler effect. The derived Lorentz factors, which are in most cases lower limits, are found to be large, with a mean >10, comparable to those estimated for active galactic nuclei (AGN) and much higher than the commonly assumed values for X‐ray binaries of 2–5. Jet power constraints do not, in most cases, rule out such high Lorentz factors. The upper limits on the opening angles show no evidence for smaller Lorentz factors in the steady jets of Cygnus X‐1 and GRS 1915+105. In those sources in which deceleration has been observed (notably XTE J1550−564 and Cygnus X‐3), some confinement of the jets must be occurring, and we briefly discuss possible confinement mechanisms. It is however possible that all the jets could be confined, in which case the requirement for high bulk Lorentz factors can be relaxed.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Hollande-Septentrionale</li></region><settlement><li>Amsterdam</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Amsterdam</li></orgName></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Fender, R P" sort="Fender, R P" uniqKey="Fender R" first="R. P." last="Fender">R. P. Fender</name></noCountry><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Hollande-Septentrionale"><name sortKey="Miller Ones, J C A" sort="Miller Ones, J C A" uniqKey="Miller Ones J" first="J. C. A." last="Miller-Jones">J. C. A. Miller-Jones</name></region></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Nakar, E" sort="Nakar, E" uniqKey="Nakar E" first="E." last="Nakar">E. Nakar</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Amerique/explor/CaltechV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000254 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000254 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Amerique
|area= CaltechV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:6B0A734DDFA143EE18F646DC0AB182DE8C1969EE
|texte= Opening angles, Lorentz factors and confinement of X‐ray binary jets
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.32. |  |